Trocar.



c. E. KELLS.

TROCAR.

APPLICATIONVFILED FEB. 8. 1915.

Patented July 20, 1915.

COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH CO..WASH|NGTON, D. c.

1 ohms CHARLES EDMUND KELLS, or NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA;

TROGAB.,

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES EDMUND KnL'Ls, a citizen of-theUnitedStates, residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans andState of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTrocars, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to surgical instrumentsof the kind called trocarswhich are used for withdrawing fluids of various kinds from the body,such as pusfrom a sac containing it. Trocars ordinarily comprise a lanceor similar device used to puncture the sac 01' other part of the bodyand a tube or barrel in which the lance is inclosed and in which it ismounted to reciprocate in such manner that it may be drawn into thebarrel or projected therefrom to pierce the sac or otherfluid-containing part of ,the body. The tube or barrel is usuallyconnected with a pump or other vacuum-producing device which serves todraw the pus or other fluid from the pierced part and causes it to passinto and through the barrel to a suitable receptacle. I have'found thatin the use of such instruments the fluid withdrawn from the body oftenleaks past the end of the barrel of the instrument and re'e'nters thebody or passes into some cavity of the body adjacent to the partpierced. This is not only objectionable but is often dangerous.

The object of my invention is to overcome this fault, and I preferablydo it by providing a sheath which surrounds the lower part of the barreland is adapted to fit tightly against the sac or other part pierced bythe lance in such mannerv as'to' prevent the escape of fluid from theinstrument. The interior of the sheath communicates with the interior ofthe trocar barrel through an opening in the latter, and the arrangementis such that any extracted fluid which leaks past the end of the trocarbar- ,rcl is caught by the sheath through which sheath is madeadjustableto accommodate the part to which it is applied, and to make a closecontact therewith.

I may also embody my invention in an in- Specification ofLetters'Patent. Patented hfly 20, 1915, Application filed February 8,1915. Serial No. 6,781.

strument in which a puncturing device is mounted to reciprocate in abarrel connected wlth a vacuum-produclng apparatus,

and in which the puncturing device is made hollow, a chambertherein'connecting by a lateral opening with the interior of the barrel,the arrangement being such that the inner end of the barrel may beplaced in close contact with the partto be treated and any liquid whichleaks past the interiorof the puncturing devicemay be drawn .into thebarrel around the outside of thepuncturing instrument.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 shows a longitudinal centralsection through a trocar, embodying my improvements and showing how itis applied to the body on which it operates, and before the lance hasbeen projecteda Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing how the lance is madeto pierce the part operated upon. Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing howthe trocar barrel is made to enter the puncture made" by the lance. Fig.lisa'view'on an enlarged scale, and in end elevation of the preferredform of lance. Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal central section through amodified form of the in- 1 vention. Fig. 6 is a detail view of some ofthe parts shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 shows a longitudinal section of amodification.

The barrel A of the trocar may be of any suitable construction and ofany suitable material. Near its'outer end it is provided with a branchtube B which may be connected with any suitable vacuum-producingapparatus. The lance or puncturing device 0 may also be of any suitableform, its stem or rod 0 being passed through a cap applied-'tothe outerendof the barrel having preferably a threaded and packed connectiontherewitlnas shown. The stem is provided'with a handle 0 by the lancemay beo'perated. a ".As thus fardescribed the trocar is of usualconstruction, but as before stated when such an instrument is'used thereis apt to be leakage at 00 past the end of the barrel, and the fluid.thus escaping is apt to enter some adjacent partof 'thenbod'y and causeblood poisoning or other injury. In order to prevent this I provide thetrocar. with a sheath Dwhich may be made of any suitable material andwhich is preferably bell shaped as shown, and has a tight fitting butsliding connection at d with the barrel. The construction is such as toleave a chamber (1 means of which the branch tube B.

between the sheath and the barrel while the outer edge of the sheath isadapted to make close fluid-tight connection with the body X operatedupon. The outer end of the barrel is so formed that it may be passedthrough the puncture made by the lance and enter the cavity, in themanner indicated in Fig. 3. In order to establish connection between thechamber d of the sheath and the interior of the barrel a hole (Z is madein the latter so that fluid caught in the sheath may pass therefrom intothe barrel and thence pass through it with the fluid directly enteringthe barrel.

In use the instrument is applied to the body in the manner indicated inFig. 1, the point of the lance being within the trocar barrel, the outerend of the barrel being in contact with the part to be pierced and theouter edge of the sheath being pressed against the body, as indicated,so as to make a close fluid-tight connection therewith. When this isdone the lance is pushed into the part treated and made to pierce it inthe manner shown in Fig. 2. Directly after this the trocar is pushedinward to a slightly greater extent until the inner end of the trocarbarrel enters the puncture, in the manner indicated in Fig. 3, thetrocar barrel at this time sliding through the oint with the sheath at(Z. Most of the pus or other fluid in the sac or other part treated isdrawn through the trocar barrel and out through Any fluid that leaks orescapes at as and passes to the outside of the trocar barrel will bearrested or caught by the sheath D and will be drawn through the openingd in the barrel and pass out through the latter.

It will be understood that as soon as the parts are adjusted to theposition shown in Fig. 1 the vacuumproducing apparatus is started andcontinues to act until the operation is completed. 1 have stated thatany suitable form of lance or puncturing device may be used, butpreferably the lance is of the kind illustrated in order that the fluidmay readily pass by way of the grooves c to the trocar barrel. Insteadof providing the trocar barrel. with a branch tube B, I may provide thelance C, as shown in Fig. 5, with a tubular or hollow stem F, having atits outer end a part Gr which may serve as a handle and with which thevacuum producing apparatus may be connected, otherwise the instrument issimilar to that before described, except that in this case the lance 0is hollow and is provided with openings g, g for establishingcommunication between the outside of the lance and the interior of thetube 13.

The details of construction may be further varied without departing frommy invention which consists broadly in providing some means forpreventing the escape of fluid from the trocar.

, In Fig. 7 I have shown an instrument consisting of a barrel end havinga branch pipe on adapted to connect with a vacuumproducing apparatus,and a puncturing instrument N having a stem n passing through a packedcap 0. The inner portion of the puncturing instrument is hollow, asshown, and communicates with the interior of the barrel through a hole0. The inner end of the trocar may be placed in close contact with theparts to be treated, and the vacuumproducing apparatus started. Then thepuncturing instrument is pushed inward, and most of the fluid extractedis drawn through the chamber 00 and through the hole 0 into the barreland thence through the branch pipe m. As shown, however, there is aspace 12 between the barrel and the puncturing instrument, and anyliquid which does not enter the interior of the instrument or leaks pastit is caught or arrested and drawn through the space 3 into the barrel.Such an instrument may be used with facility, although the instrumenthereinbefore described is preferred.

I claim as my invention 1. A trocar, comprising a barrel, a lancemounted to reciprocate therein, means for conducting fluid from the partpierced by the lance, a sheath surrounding the inner end of the barrel,and a communication be tween the interior of the sheath and the barrel.

2. A trocar, comprising a barrel, a hollow puncturing device mounted toreciprocate therein, and means for withdrawing liquid from the parttreated through both the puncturing device and the barrel.

3. A trocar, comprising a barrel, a puncturing device mounted toreciprocate therein, vacuum-producing apparatus connected with thetrocar and receiving liquid from both the inside of the portion thereofentering the part treated and also from the outside thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

CHARLES EDMUND KELLS.

Witnesses:

Ti-mo. P. SONLAT, M. E. BURRELL.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

